Religion
Religion
Protestantism
- Anabaptist: radical reformers rejecting infant baptism
- Anglican: Church of England, state church
- Calvinist: followers of John Calvin; includes French Huguenots
- Huguenots: French Protestants of the 16th–17th centuries influenced by Calvinist theology; faced persecution under the Catholic monarchy
- Lutheran: followers of Martin Luther’s teachings
- Methodist: followers of John Wesley emphasizing personal faith and social reform
- Pietism: emphasis on personal religious experience for moral and social reform
- Presbyterian: governed by elders; presbytery system
- Puritan / Independent: English reformers advocating strict morality and church independence
Catholicism
- Jansenist: Catholic sect influenced by Protestant doctrines
- Jesuits: new Catholic religious order emphasizing education and missionary work
Beliefs
- Atheist: denies existence of deities
- Deist: believes in God but rejects organized religion
Church
Hierarchy & Clergy
- Papacy: central office of the pope; head of the Catholic Church
- Synod: council of church officials for decision-making
- Saint: canonized holy figure (e.g., Saint Peter, Saint Paul)
- Churchmen: general clergy members
- Abbot: head of a monastery
- Monk: religious individual living under monastic vows
- Cleric: ordained member of the church
- Archbishop: senior bishop overseeing multiple dioceses
- Bishop: church official in charge of a diocese
- Priest: minister of local parish
- Preacher: minister delivering sermons